Enhancing vehicular safety with multi-object multi-camera tracking in Open RAN networks


Por: Aguilar, A, Serra, J, Parada, R, Abu-Helalah, E, Oliveira, M, Dini, P

Publicada: 1 ene 2026 Ahead of Print: 1 dic 2025
Resumen:
Hazard detection is an important problem for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), although, developing and deployment of such systems is a complicated task, given human presence in the loop and a large account of non-controlled variables (e.g. traffic levels, weather conditions, etc). In addition, a distributed hazard detection system will require a communication network for a large number of sensors, making this network a crucial element of the system and a potential bottleneck for its performance. Therefore, a suitable platform is needed for the development and validation of vehicular applications that handle both the vehicular and network aspects of the system to seamlessly migrate an application to an urban environment. This paper addresses these gaps by designing a hardware-in-the-loop architecture for a realistic ITS hazard detection system. The platform relies on CARLA simulator to provide a safe, controlled, and repeatable environment to test the application, and a software-defined Open RAN network that allows studying the effect of communications nuisances on the service and the possibility to implement network aware services to enhance performance. In addition, a hazard detection service is devised using the described architecture. Our approach uses a combination of machine learning detections with Kalman (or particle) filters to aggregate data from multiple cameras. We assume detections are asynchronous and data transmission should be minimized to ensure scalability. A data association criterion based on Mahalonabis distance is proposed to automatically associate filters with trajectories. Our experiments provide insights into the throughput and latency of the network and their impact on the ITS service. The results show the service is robust to end-to-end latency, making comparisons among KFs, PFs and unscented KFs. © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Filiaciones:
Aguilar, A:
 Technol Telecommun Ctr Catalonia CTTC CERCA, SAI Res Unit, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss,7, Castelldefels 08860, Catalonia, Spain

Serra, J:
 Technol Telecommun Ctr Catalonia CTTC CERCA, SAI Res Unit, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss,7, Castelldefels 08860, Catalonia, Spain

Parada, R:
 Technol Telecommun Ctr Catalonia CTTC CERCA, SAI Res Unit, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss,7, Castelldefels 08860, Catalonia, Spain

Abu-Helalah, E:
 Technol Telecommun Ctr Catalonia CTTC CERCA, SAI Res Unit, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss,7, Castelldefels 08860, Catalonia, Spain

Oliveira, M:
 Univ Nova Lisboa, Campus Campolide, P-1099085 Lisbon, Portugal

Dini, P:
 Technol Telecommun Ctr Catalonia CTTC CERCA, SAI Res Unit, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss,7, Castelldefels 08860, Catalonia, Spain
ISSN: 09574174
Editorial
Elsevier Ltd., THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 304 Número:
Páginas:
WOS Id: 001644126400002
imagen hybrid, All Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access

FULL TEXT

imagen Accepted Version
Accesible: 02/01/2028

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